Dichloromethane is a colorless, transparent liquid with an irritating odor similar to ether. It is slightly soluble in water but soluble in ethanol and diethyl ether. Under normal conditions, dichloromethane is a non-flammable, low-boiling-point solvent. However, when its vapor reaches a high concentration in hot air, it will produce a weakly flammable mixture. Dichloromethane is often used to replace flammable petroleum ether and diethyl ether.
Protective Measures
Respiratory Protection: When the concentration in the air exceeds the standard, a direct-type gas mask (half-face mask) should be worn. In emergency rescue or evacuation, it is recommended to wear an air-supplied breathing apparatus.
Eye Protection: Wear chemical safety goggles if necessary.
Hand Protection: Wear chemical-resistant gloves.
Body Protection: Wear protective clothing against toxic substances.
Other Protection: Smoking, eating, and drinking are prohibited at the work site. Shower and change clothes after work. Contaminated clothing should be stored separately, washed, and reused. Pay attention to personal hygiene.
Firefighting Measures
Extinguishing Methods: Extinguishing methods include water spray, sand, foam, or carbon dioxide.
Special Hazards During Extinguishing: At temperatures above 120 degrees Celsius, the vapor is flammable and releases toxic gases during a fire, posing a danger.
Special Extinguishing Procedures: Spray water to cool containers exposed to the fire, and spray water to flush spilled material away from the exposed area. If the material is on fire or trapped in the fire, do not attempt to extinguish it unless its spread can be stopped. If the fire is out of control or containers are exposed to the fire, evacuate an area within a 2500-foot radius and cool the containers with plenty of water until the fire is extinguished. Do not directly spray water onto spilled material, as this may cause splashing.
Transportation Requirements for Dichloromethane
Due to its volatility, toxicity, and flammability, dichloromethane requires strict adherence to relevant safety regulations during transportation. According to the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, dichloromethane is classified as a Class 6.1 toxic substance and assigned the code UN1593. This code requires the use of compliant packaging containers and the affixing of appropriate dangerous goods markings and labels during transport. Furthermore, the transport vehicles and drivers must possess the necessary qualifications and certifications to ensure safety during transit.
