Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) is a synthetic polymer that is water-soluble and has a wide range of applications due to its unique properties. The main grades and specifications of PVA can vary based on factors like molecular weight, degree of hydrolysis, and other specific properties required for different applications. Here are some common grades and specifications of PVA:

1. Degree of Hydrolysis (DH): PVA can be partially or fully hydrolyzed, depending on the application. The degree of hydrolysis refers to the percentage of acetate groups that have been replaced by hydroxyl groups in the polymer chain. Higher degrees of hydrolysis result in greater water solubility and biodegradability.

2. Molecular Weight (MW): PVA is available in a range of molecular weights, which can impact properties like viscosity, film forming, and mechanical strength.

3. Viscosity: PVA solutions exhibit varying levels of viscosity based on their molecular weight and concentration. Viscosity is a crucial property for applications such as adhesives, coatings, and films.

4. Film Forming Properties: PVA is known for its excellent film-forming capabilities. Films produced from PVA can be transparent, flexible, and exhibit good barrier properties. These films find applications in packaging, textiles, and other industries.

5. Applications:
- Textiles: PVA is used in textile sizing to improve yarn strength and reduce breakage during weaving.
- Paper Industry: PVA is utilized in paper coatings to enhance paper's strength, surface properties, and printability.
- Adhesives: PVA-based adhesives are widely used in woodworking, packaging, and general bonding applications.
- Construction: PVA is used as a component in cement and mortar formulations to improve workability and adhesion.
- Emulsifiers: PVA can act as an emulsifier and stabilizer in various industries, including paints and coatings.
- Medicine: PVA is used in some pharmaceutical applications, such as controlled-release drug formulations and wound care products.
- Biodegradable Films: PVA's water solubility and biodegradability make it suitable for producing biodegradable plastic films and packaging materials.

6. Special Grades: Some specialized PVA grades are designed for specific applications, such as:
- Food and Pharmaceutical Grade: PVA can be manufactured to meet specific regulatory requirements for applications involving direct contact with food or pharmaceuticals.
- High-Temperature Resistance: PVA can be modified to withstand higher temperatures, making it suitable for applications where heat resistance is crucial.
- Water Resistance: Modified PVAs with improved water resistance can be used in applications that require exposure to moisture or water.